This included exploration of five muscles with overlapping root innervation: tensor fascia lata, vastus medialis, tibialis anterior, extensor hallucis longus, and medial gastrocnemius. Next, all subjects underwent detailed EMG using a 50- to 75-mm monopolar needle. Each subject performed a 1.5-minute-walk test and wore a pedometer at home for one week.Īll subjects had noncontrast lumbosacral spinal MRI scans, and all MRI scans underwent blinded interpretation, including measurements at each spinal level, clinical impression at each spinal level, and overall clinical impression. All subjects filled out a number of questionnaires, including the Pain Disability Index, the Quebec Back Pain Disability Index, the McGill pain scale, a visual analog pain scale, and a pain drawing, plus a five-page clinical spine questionnaire.
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